#include<iostream>
#include<string>
#include<iomanip>
#include<vector>
#include<fstream>
#include<math.h>
using namespace std;

// Constants for range checking
const int kMinAge = 20;
const int kMaxAge = 79;
const int kMinTotalCholesterol = 130;
const int kMaxTotalCholesterol = 320;
const int kMinHDLCholesterol = 20;
const int kMaxHDLCholesterol = 100;
const int kMinSystolicBP = 90;
const int kMaxSystolicBP = 300;
const double kMinCRP = 0.02;
const double kMaxCRP = 20;

// Constants for score
const double kAgeFactor = 0.0799;
const double kTotalCholesterolFactor = 1.382;
const double kHDLCholesterolFactor = -1.172;
const double kSystolicFactor = 3.137;
const double kCRPFactor = 0.18;
const double kSmokerFactor = 0.818;
const double kFamilyFactor = 0.438;
const double kComputeFactor = 0.98634;
const double kBSubtractFactor = 22.325;

//function prototypes
char GetMenuSelection();
bool CheckFile(string);
void LoadFile(string, vector<string> &, vector<int> &, vector<int> &, 
	      vector<double> &, vector<int> &, vector<int> &, 
	      vector<bool> &, vector<bool> &);
void PrintSubjects(const vector<string>, const vector<int>, const vector<int>, 
		   const vector<double>, const vector<int>, const vector<int>, 
		   const vector<bool>, const vector<bool>); 
double ReynoldsScore (const int, const int, const double, 
		      const int, const int, const bool, const bool);
void PrintSubject(const string, const int, const int, const double, const int, 
		  const int, const bool, const bool);
double AverageReynolds(const int, const int, const vector<int>, const vector<int>, 
		       const vector<double>, const vector<int>, const vector<int>, 
		       const vector<bool>, const vector<bool>);

void FindSubject(const string, const vector<string>, const vector<int>, const vector<int>, 
		 const vector<double>, const vector<int>, const vector<int>, 
		 const vector<bool>, const vector<bool>);

int main(){
  
  char choice;
  bool finished = false;
  string filename;
  int minAge = kMinAge;
  int maxAge = kMaxAge;
  string subjectID;

  vector<string> subjectIDs;
  vector<int> subjectSystolics;
  vector<int> subjectAges;
  vector<double> subjectCRPs;
  vector<int> subjectTotChols;
  vector<int> subjectHDLChols;
  vector<bool> subjectSmokers;
  vector<bool> subjectHistories;
  
  cout << fixed << setprecision(2);

  while (!finished){

    choice = GetMenuSelection();

    switch (choice){
    case'L':
    case'l':
      cout << "Enter name of file to load: ";
      getline(cin, filename);
      LoadFile(filename, subjectIDs, subjectAges, subjectSystolics,  
	       subjectCRPs, subjectTotChols, subjectHDLChols, 
	       subjectSmokers, subjectHistories);
      break;
    case'A':
    case'a':
      cout << endl << endl << "Average Reynolds score over all subjects is: " 
	   << AverageReynolds(kMinAge, kMaxAge, 
			      subjectAges, subjectSystolics,
			      subjectCRPs, subjectTotChols, 
			      subjectHDLChols, 
			      subjectSmokers, 
			      subjectHistories) << endl << endl;
      break;
    case'R':
    case'r':
      cout << endl << endl << "Enter the minimum age of the group to average: ";
      cin >> minAge;
      cout << endl << endl << "Enter the maximum age of the group to average: ";
      cin >> maxAge;
      cout << endl << endl << "Average Reynolds score over subjects aged "
	   << minAge << " to " << maxAge << " is: "
	   << AverageReynolds(minAge, maxAge, 
			      subjectAges, subjectSystolics,
			      subjectCRPs, subjectTotChols, 
			      subjectHDLChols, 
			      subjectSmokers, 
			      subjectHistories) << endl << endl;
      
      
      break;
    case'S':
    case's':
      cout << endl << endl << "Please enter the subject id: ";
      cin >> subjectID;
      FindSubject(subjectID, subjectIDs, subjectAges, subjectSystolics,
		  subjectCRPs, subjectTotChols, 
		  subjectHDLChols, 
		  subjectSmokers, 
		  subjectHistories);
      
      break;
    case'P':
    case'p':
      PrintSubjects(subjectIDs, subjectAges, subjectSystolics,  subjectCRPs, subjectTotChols,
		    subjectHDLChols, subjectSmokers, subjectHistories);
      break;
    case'Q':
    case'q':
      finished = true;
      break;
    default:
      break;
    }

  }



  return 0;
}



////////////////
// Returns the choice the user selected after printing 
// the menu
char GetMenuSelection(){

  char choice;
  
  cout << endl << endl;

  cout << setw(45) << "Add a subject file" << setw (10) << "L" << endl;
  cout << setw(45) << "Compute the average Reynolds risk score" << setw(10) << "A" << endl;
  cout << setw(45) << "Compute the average Reynolds risk score" << endl 
       << setw(45) << "for an age range" << setw(10) << "R" << endl;
  cout << setw(45) << "Search for a subject ID" << setw(10) << "S" << endl;
  cout << setw(45) << "Print all subjects" << setw (10) << "P" << endl;
  cout << setw(45) << "Exit the program" << setw (10) << "Q" << endl;
  cout << endl;
  cout << "Please enter your choice: ";
  cin >> choice;
  cin.clear();
  string trash;
  getline (cin,trash);

  return choice;
  cout << endl << endl;

}

////////////////
// Checks a file to make sure all values are within limits.
// Returns true if file is ok, false otherwise

bool CheckFile(string filename){
  
  string id;
  int age = 0; 
  int totalCholesterol = 0;
  int HDLCholesterol = 0;
  int systolicBP = 0;
  double CRP = 0.0;
  char smoker = ' ';
  char familyHistory = ' ';

  bool file_good = true;

  ifstream file_to_check;
  file_to_check.open(filename.c_str());
  if (!file_to_check){
    cout << "Unable to open file " << filename << endl;
    return false;
  }
  
  string header;
  getline(file_to_check, header);

  while (file_to_check >> id >> age >> systolicBP >> CRP >> totalCholesterol >>
	 HDLCholesterol >> smoker >> familyHistory){
    
    if ((age < kMinAge)||(age > kMaxAge)){
      cout << "Subject ID " << id << "age " << age << " out of range."<< endl;
      file_good = false;
    }

    if ((totalCholesterol < kMinTotalCholesterol)||(totalCholesterol > kMaxTotalCholesterol)){
      cout << "Subject ID " << id << " Total Cholesterol " << totalCholesterol << " out of range." 
	   << endl;
      file_good = false;
    }
    
    if ((HDLCholesterol < kMinHDLCholesterol)||(HDLCholesterol > kMaxHDLCholesterol)){
      cout  << "Subject ID " << id << " HDLCholesterol " << HDLCholesterol << " out of range." 
	    << endl;
      file_good = false;
    }
    
    if ((CRP < kMinCRP)||(CRP > kMaxCRP)){
      cout << "Subject ID " << id << "C-Reactive Protein " << CRP << " out of range." 
	   << endl;
      file_good = false;
    }


    if ((systolicBP < kMinSystolicBP)||(systolicBP > kMaxSystolicBP)){
      cout << "Subject ID " << id << "Blood Pressure " << systolicBP << " out of range." 
	   << endl;
      file_good = false;
    }

    switch (smoker){
    case 'Y':
    case 'y':
    case 'n':
    case 'N':
      break;
    default:
      cout << "Subject ID " << id << "Smoker entry " << smoker << " is bad." << endl;
      file_good = false;
    }

    switch (familyHistory){
    case 'Y':
    case 'y':
    case 'n':
    case 'N':
      break;
    default:
      cout << "Subject ID " << id << "Family history " << familyHistory << " is bad." << endl;
      file_good = false;
    }


  }

  file_to_check.close();

  return file_good;

}


////////////////
// Loads a file if the values are within range
// 
void LoadFile(string filename, vector<string> & ids, vector<int> & ages, 
	      vector<int> & systolics,  vector<double> & crps, vector<int> & total_chol, 
	      vector<int> & hdl_chol, vector<bool> & smokers, vector<bool> & histories) {

  string id;
  int age = 0; 
  int totalCholesterol = 0;
  int HDLCholesterol = 0;
  int systolicBP = 0;
  double CRP = 0.0;
  char smoker = ' ';
  char familyHistory = ' ';
  int count = 0;

  if (!CheckFile(filename)){
    cout << "Errors in subject file. No subjects added." << endl;
    return;
  }

  ifstream subject_file;
  subject_file.open(filename.c_str());
  if (!subject_file){
    cout << "Unable to open file " << filename << endl;
    return;
  }
  
  string header;
  getline(subject_file, header);
  while (subject_file >> id >> age >> systolicBP >> CRP >> totalCholesterol >>
	 HDLCholesterol >> smoker >> familyHistory){
    count++;

    ids.push_back(id);
    ages.push_back(age);
    systolics.push_back(systolicBP);
    crps.push_back(CRP);
    total_chol.push_back(totalCholesterol);
    hdl_chol.push_back(HDLCholesterol);
    if ((smoker == 'y')||(smoker == 'Y')){
      smokers.push_back(true);
    } else {
      smokers.push_back(false);
    }

    if ((familyHistory == 'y')||(familyHistory == 'Y')){
      histories.push_back(true);
    } else {
      histories.push_back(false);
    }

  
  }
  subject_file.close();

  cout << "Loaded " << count << " subjects from " << filename << "." << endl;

}

////////////////
// Prints all subjects
void PrintSubjects ( const vector<string> ids, const vector<int> ages, 
		     const vector<int> systolics,  const vector<double> crps, 
		     const vector<int> total_chol, 
		     const vector<int> hdl_chol, const vector<bool> smokers, 
		     const vector<bool> histories) {
  
  // sort all the subjects by age, just for fun
  for (int age_for_sorting = kMinAge; age_for_sorting <= kMaxAge; age_for_sorting++){
    for (int n = 0; n < ids.size(); n++){
      if (ages[n] == age_for_sorting){

	PrintSubject(ids[n], ages[n], systolics[n],
		     crps[n], total_chol[n], hdl_chol[n],
		     smokers[n],histories[n]);
      }
    }   
  }
}

//////////////
// Find a particular subject by id and then print their data
void FindSubject ( const string idToFind, const vector<string> ids, const vector<int> ages, 
		     const vector<int> systolics,  const vector<double> crps, 
		     const vector<int> total_chol, 
		     const vector<int> hdl_chol, const vector<bool> smokers, 
		     const vector<bool> histories) {
  
  // sort all the subjects by age, just for fun
    for (int n = 0; n < ids.size(); n++){
      if (ids[n] == idToFind){

	PrintSubject(ids[n], ages[n], systolics[n],
		     crps[n], total_chol[n], hdl_chol[n],
		     smokers[n],histories[n]);
      }
    }   
  }




//////////
// Print a subject neatly
void PrintSubject(const string id, const int age, const int systolic, const double crp, 
		      const int total_chol, const int hdl_chol, 
		  const bool smoker, const bool history){

	cout << setw(8) << id << setw(4) << age << setw(5) << systolic 
	     << setw(7) << crp << setw(5) << total_chol 
	     << setw(5) << hdl_chol;
	if (smoker) {
	  cout << setw(3) << 'Y' << " ";
	} else {
	  cout << setw(3) << 'N' << " ";
	}

	if (history) {
	  cout << setw(3) << 'Y' << " ";
	} else {
	  cout << setw(3) << 'N' << " ";
	}	  

	cout << setw(7) << ReynoldsScore(age, systolic, crp, total_chol, hdl_chol,
			      smoker,history) << endl;

}

//////////
// Compute the Renolds score for one subject
double ReynoldsScore (const int age, const int systolic, const double crp, 
		      const int total_chol, const int hdl_chol, 
		      const bool smoker, const bool history){

  double riskPct = 0.0;
  double B = 0.0;
    
  // Compute the age part
  B += kAgeFactor * age;
    
  // Compute the systolic blood pressure part
  B += kSystolicFactor * log (systolic);

  // Compute the CRP part
  B += kCRPFactor * log(crp);

  // The total cholesterol part
  B += kTotalCholesterolFactor * log(total_chol);

  // The HDL cholesterol part
  B += kHDLCholesterolFactor * log(hdl_chol);

  // take into account if they are smokers
  if (smoker){
    B += kSmokerFactor;
  }

  // or if they had family history of heart disease
  if (history){
    B += kFamilyFactor;
  }

  // Compute the overall percentage

  double power = exp(B - kBSubtractFactor);
  riskPct = (1 - pow(kComputeFactor,power)) * 100;
  if (riskPct < 1) riskPct = 1;

  return riskPct;

}


////////// 
// Compute the average Reynolds risk score for an age group
double AverageReynolds(const int minAge, const int maxAge, 
		       const vector<int> ages, const vector<int> systolics,
		       const vector<double> crps, const vector<int> total_chol, 
		       const vector<int> hdl_chol, const vector<bool> smokers, 
		       const vector<bool> histories){

  
  double total = 0.0;
  int subjectCount = 0;
  for (int n = 0; n < ages.size(); n++){
    if ((ages[n] >= minAge)&&(ages[n] <= maxAge)){
      total += ReynoldsScore(ages[n],systolics[n],crps[n],
			     total_chol[n],hdl_chol[n],smokers[n],
			     histories[n]);    
      subjectCount ++;
    }
  }
  
  
  return total/subjectCount;


}